?Yes, I am Jared Lee Loughner,? he told Magistrate Judge Lawrence O. Anderson, staring blankly in front of him, with his lawyer, Judy Clarke, a veteran public defender, at his side. The defendant, a 22-year-old college dropout, was wide-eyed and had a wound to his right temple. At the defense table, his eyes darted back and forth and his mouth curled up at one point into a quick smile.

Ms. Clarke, who handled the cases of Theodore J. Kaczynski, who was convicted in the Unabomber attacks, and Zacarias Moussaoui, the Al Qaeda operative, signaled that she intends to push for the case to be moved out of Arizona since one of the victims that her client is accused of killing was John M. Roll, a United States District Court Judge in Tucson. Already, all the federal judges in Tucson have recused themselves from the case. With some of Judge Roll?s friends and colleagues looking on in the courtroom, Ms. Clarke said she has ?great concern? about any Arizona judges or prosecutors handling the case.

Mr. Laughner faces two federal murder charges and three attempted murder charges in an attack that prosecutors was described as an attempt to assassinate Representative Gabrielle Giffords, Democrat of Arizona, who was struck in the head by a single bullet but remains alive.

Mr. Laughner agreed not to challenge his continued detention without bail after Wallace H. Kleindienst, a federal prosecutor, labeled him a danger and a flight risk. That prompted the magistrate to quickly rule, based on the serious charges against Mr. Laughner, that he is ?a danger to the community? and ought to be held without bail.

?Good luck to you, Mr. Laughner,? Mr. Anderson said as the defendant, who could face the death penalty if convicted, received a pat on the back by Ms. Clarke and was led away by security officers.

Ms. Giffords remained in critical condition on Monday after surviving, a single gunshot to the head fired at point-blank range. Doctors said they were increasingly optimistic because Ms. Giffords continued to be able to follow simple commands and there had been no additional swelling in her brain. Dr. G. Michael Lemole, chief of neurosurgery at University Medical Center at the University of Arizona, cautioned that swelling in cases like this could last days.

?At this stage in the game, no change is good,? Dr. Lemole said.

Doctors removed nearly half of Ms. Giffords? skull to prevent damage to her brain caused by swelling from the wound. While Ms. Giffords has remained under sedation, hospital officials corrected earlier statements that she had been placed in a medically induced coma.

An outpouring of grief has been on display around the country since the attack on Saturday. At the start of the state Legislature?s session on Monday, Gov. Jan Brewer of Arizona decided to scrap the traditional annual address laying out her legislative agenda to instead honor the dead and call upon people across the state to pray.

?Arizona is in pain, yes,? she said. ?Our grief is profound. We are yet in the first hours of our sorrow, bu we have not been brought down. We will never be brought down.?

Even before the court appearance, the prosecutor in Pima County, where the rampage took place, vowed to pursue additional state murder charges against him as well.

Besides the judge, congresswoman and three congressional aides wounded in the shooting, four bystanders were also killed and 11 others were injured, prompting Barbara LaWall, the Pima County attorney, to vow that she would ?definitely pursue charges on behalf of the non-federal victims.?

County lawyers were still researching whether state and federal cases could proceed concurrently or whether her office would wait until federal prosecutors had finished their case. The state has no deadline, she said, to bring the matter before a grand jury because Mr. Loughner is in federal not state custody.

?This is not just a professional matter for me but a personal one since I knew many of these victims,? Ms. LaWall said.

In Washington Monday, President Obama stood somberly with his wife, their heads bowed, overlooking the South Lawn of the White House at 11 a.m. Eastern time, as a single bell tolled to honor the wounded and the dead. On the steps of the East Front of the Capitol, hundreds of Congressional aides gathered to mark the moment. Staff members attended an interfaith memorial service in the Cannon House office building, organized by the Congressional Jewish Staffers Association and the House and Senate chaplains. On the ground floor of the Cannon Rotunda, a table was set up with a book of condolences and a book of well wishes for people to sign and send messages to the wounded and the families of those killed. Later at the White House, Mr. Obama said that the families of the shooting victims, and the nation as a whole, were still coming to grips with what happened and sorting out the lessons to be drawn, both heartbreaking and uplifting.

Reporting for the Arizona shooting coverage was contributed by David M. Herszenhorn, Emmarie Huetteman, Janie Lorber, Thom Shanker, Michael D. Shear and Ashley Southall from Washington; Jo Becker, Lisa M. Button, Ford Burkhart, Renee Schafer Horton, Devlin Houser, Ron Nixon, Nancy Sharkey, Anissa Tanweer and Roxana Vasquez from Tucson; Joe Sharkey from Sierra Vista, Ariz.; Joseph Berger, Catrin Einhorn, Anahad O?Connor, Sharon Otterman, Mosi Secret, Sarah Wheaton and Kate Zernike from New York; and Kitty Bennett from St. Petersburg, Fla.